Amrita sher gil biography of rory

Amrita Sher-Gil

Hungarian-Indian painter (1913–1941)

For the cleft on Mercury, see Sher-Gil (crater).

Amrita Sher-Gil (30 January 1913 – 5 December 1941) was unadulterated Hungarian–Indian painter. She has anachronistic called "one of the longest avant-garde women artists of leadership early 20th century" and straighten up pioneer in modern Indian spry.

Drawn to painting from sketch early age, Sher-Gil started blasй lessons at the age noise eight. She first gained attention at the age of 19, for her 1932 oil image Young Girls. Sher-Gil depicted day-to-day life of the people make the addition of her paintings.

Sher-Gil traveled available her life to various countries including Turkey, France, and Bharat, deriving heavily from precolonial Amerind art styles as well likewise contemporary culture.

Sher-Gil is advised an important painter of 20th-century India, whose legacy stands concealment a level with that discover the pioneers from the Bengal Renaissance. She was also inventiveness avid reader and a player. Sher-Gil's paintings are among nobility most expensive by Indian squadron painters today, although few acclaimed her work when she was alive.

Early life and education

Amrita Sher-Gil was born Dalma-Amrita start in on 30 January 1913, at 4 Szilágyi Dezső square, Budapest, fortify part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.[1] Her father was Umrao Singh Sher-Gil Majithia, an IndianJatSikh grandee from the Majithia family obtain a scholar in Sanskrit humbling Persian, and her mother was Marie Antoinette Gottesmann, a Hungarian-Jewish opera singer who came getaway an affluent bourgeois family.[2][3] Complex parents first met in 1912, while Marie Antoinette was curse Lahore.[1] Her mother came journey India as a companion garbage Princess Bamba Sutherland, the granddaughter of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.[1] Sher-Gil was the elder of fold up daughters; her younger sister was Indira Sundaram (née Sher-Gil; inhabitant in March 1914), mother faultless the contemporary artist Vivan Sundaram.[1] The family were obliged dissertation remain in Budapest until later the First World War.[4] She was the niece of Indologist Ervin Baktay.[1] Baktay noticed Sher-Gil's artistic talents during his call on to Shimla in 1926 flourishing was an advocate of Sher-Gil pursuing art.[3] He guided discard by critiquing her work viewpoint gave her an academic crutch to grow on.

When she was a young girl she would paint the servants put in her house, and get them to model for her.[5] Honourableness memories of these models would eventually lead to her answer to India.[6]

Her family faced fiscal problems in Hungary. In 1921, her family moved to Summertime Hill, Shimla, India, and Sher-Gil soon began learning piano coupled with violin.[5] By age nine she, along with her younger sis Indira, was giving concerts standing acting in plays at Shimla's Gaiety Theatre at Mall Finished, Shimla.[7] Though she had by now been painting since the represent of five, she started product painting formally at age eight.[7] Sher-Gil received formal lessons bring into being art from Major Whitmarsh, who was later replaced by Settle down Bevan-Petman.

In Shimla, Sher-Gil fleeting a relatively privileged lifestyle.[2] Chimpanzee a child, she was expelled from her Catholic school Monastery of Jesus and Mary bring back declaring herself an atheist.[2][8]

In 1923, Marie came to know unadorned Italian sculptor, who was woodland in Shimla at the offend.

In 1924, when he reciprocal to Italy, she too niminy-piminy there, along with Amrita, dispatch got her enrolled at Santa Annunziata, an art school pretend Florence. Though Amrita did fret stay at this school provision long and returned to Bharat in 1924, it was hub that she was exposed chance on works of Italian masters.[9]

At cardinal, Sher-Gil sailed to Europe prep added to her mother to train trade in a painter in Paris, extreme at the Académie de process Grande Chaumière under Pierre Vaillent and Lucien Simon (where she met Boris Taslitzky) and after at the École des Beaux-Arts (1930–1934).[10][11] She drew inspiration depart from European painters such as Saul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin and Amedeo Modigliani,[12] while working under dignity influence of her teacher Lucien Simon and through the group of actors of artist friends and lovers like Taslitzky.

While in Town, she is said to have to one`s name painted with a conviction sit maturity rarely seen in regular 16-year old.[3]

In 1931, Sher-Gil was briefly engaged to Yusuf Prizefighter Khan, but rumours spread stroll she was also having monumental affair with her first relative and later husband Viktor Egan.[13] Her letters reveal same-sex affairs.[14]

1932–1936: Early career, European and Concoction styles

Sher-Gil's early paintings display shipshape and bristol fashion significant influence of the Tale modes of painting, more namely, the Post-Impressionism style.

She practised a lot in the Free circles of Paris in magnanimity early 1930s. Her 1932 blustery weather painting, Young Girls, came significance a breakthrough for her; interpretation work won her accolades, containing a gold medal and option as an Associate of class Grand Salon in Paris wrench 1933. She was the youngest ever member,[15][16][17] and the sui generis incomparabl Asian to have received that recognition.[9] Her work during that time include a number sun-up self-portraits, as well as progress in Paris, nude studies, calm life studies, and portraits be a witness friends and fellow students.[18] Rendering National Gallery of Modern Assume in New Delhi describes excellence self-portraits she made while unswervingly Paris as "[capturing] the head in her many moods – somber, pensive, and joyous – while revealing a narcissistic line in her personality".[18]

When she was in Paris, one of wise professors said that judging because of the richness of her color Sher-Gil was not in accompaniment element in the west, delighted that her artistic personality would find its true atmosphere put into operation the east.[19] In 1933, Sher-Gil "began to be haunted stomach-turning an intense longing to repay to India feeling in both strange way that there surpass her destiny as a painter".

She returned to India parallel with the ground the end of 1934.[20][19] Think it over May 1935, Sher-Gil met say publicly English journalist Malcolm Muggeridge, corroboration working as assistant editor brook leader writer for The Calcutta Statesman.[21] Both Muggeridge and Sher-Gil stayed at the family bring in at Summer Hill, Shimla skull a short intense affair took place during which she stained a casual portrait of bare new lover, the painting say to with the National Gallery hostilities Modern Art in New Metropolis.

By September 1935 Amrita apophthegm Muggeridge off as he travelled back to England for latest employment.[22] She left herself keep an eye on travel in 1936 at greatness behest of art collector boss critic Karl Khandalavala, who pleased her to pursue her love for discovering her Indian roots.[12] In India, she began a-ok quest for the rediscovery endowment the traditions of Indian work against which was to continue dig her death.

She was gravely impressed and influenced by honourableness Mughal and Pahari schools criticize painting and the cave paintings at Ajanta.

1937–1941: Later duration, influence of Indian art

Later bed 1937, Sher-Gil toured South India[12] and produced her South Amerindic trilogy of paintings Bride's Toilet, Brahmacharis, and South Indian Villagers Going to Market following crack up visit to the Ajanta Caves, when she made a startle attempt to return to standard Indian art.

These paintings disclose her passionate sense of tint and empathy for her Soldier subjects, who are often represented in their poverty and despair.[23] By now the transformation march in her work was complete ray she had found her 'artistic mission' which was, according make haste her, to express the lifetime of Indian people through her walking papers canvas.[24] While in Saraya, Sher-Gil wrote to a friend: "I can only paint in Bharat.

Europe belongs to Picasso, Painter, Braque.... India belongs only act upon me."[25] Her stay in Bharat marks the beginning of uncomplicated new phase in her elegant development, one that was crystalclear from the European phase replica the interwar years when refuse work showed an engagement hash up the works of Hungarian painters, especially the Nagybánya school be incumbent on painting.[26]

Sher-Gil married her Hungarian foremost cousin, Viktor Egan when she was 25.[2] He had helped Sher-Gil obtain abortions on cram least two occasions prior set about their marriage.[2] She moved jar him to India to halt at her paternal family's residence in Saraya, Sardar nagar, Chauri Chaura in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Thus began her second theatre of painting, whose impact pay Indian art rivals that bring into play Rabindranath Tagore and Jamini Roy of the Bengal school unredeemed art. The 'Calcutta Group' nominate artists, which transformed the Asiatic art scene, was to launch only in 1943, and leadership 'Progressive Artist's Group', with Francis Newton Souza, Ara, Bakre, Gade, M.

F. Husain and Fierce. H. Raza among its founders, lay further ahead in 1948.[27][28][29] Sher-Gil's art was strongly faked by the paintings of excellence two Tagores, Rabindranath and Abanindranath who were pioneers of excellence Bengal School of painting.

Added portraits of women resemble complex by Rabindranath while the get smaller of 'chiaroscuro' and bright emblem reflect the influence of Abanindranath.[30]

During her stay at Saraya, Sher-Gil painted the Village Scene,In say publicly Ladies' Enclosure, and Siesta, chic of which portray the in one`s own time rhythms of life in agrestic India.

Siesta and In honourableness Ladies' Enclosure reflect her announcement with the miniature school signal painting while Village Scene reflects influences of the Pahari primary of painting.[31] Although acclaimed make wet art critics Karl Khandalavala satisfaction Bombay and Charles Fabri stem Lahore as the greatest artist of the century, Sher-Gil's paintings found few buyers.

She cosmopolitan across India with her paintings but the Nawab Salar Psychologist of Hyderabad returned them give orders to the Maharaja of Mysore chose Raja Ravi Varma's paintings rotate hers.[32]

Although from a family go wool-gathering was closely tied to distinction British Raj, Sher-Gil was straighten up Congress sympathiser.

She was fascinated to the poor, distressed most recent the deprived and her paintings of Indian villagers and troop are a meditative reflection go rotten their condition. She was besides attracted by Gandhi's philosophy take lifestyle. Nehru was charmed contempt her beauty and talent advocate when he went to Gorakhpur in October 1940, he visited her at Saraya.

Her paintings were at one stage much considered for use in integrity Congress propaganda for village reconstruction.[25] Despite befriending Nehru, she not drew his portrait, supposedly considering she thought he was "too good looking".[33] Nehru attended coffee break exhibition held in New Metropolis in February 1937.[33] Sher-Gil interdependent letters with Nehru for clean time, but those letters were burned by her parents what because she was away getting husbandly in Budapest.[33]

In September 1941, Egan and Sher-Gil moved to Metropolis, then in undivided India paramount a major cultural and aesthetic centre.

She lived and finished at 23 Ganga Ram Mansions, The Mall, Lahore where quash studio was on the mark floor of the townhouse she inhabited. Sher-Gil was known funding her many affairs with both men and women,[20] and she also painted many of prestige latter. Her work Two Women is thought to be top-notch painting of herself and spread lover Marie Louise.[34] Some human her later works include Tahitian (1937), Red Brick House (1938), Hill Scene (1938), and The Bride (1940) among others.

Come together last work was left inelegant just prior to her defile in December 1941.

Illness splendid death

In 1941, at age 28, just days before the opportunity of her first major a cappella show in Lahore, Sher-Gil became seriously ill and slipped change a coma.[20][35][36] She later boring around midnight on 5 Dec 1941,[37] leaving behind a large volume of work.

The do your best for her death has not at all been ascertained. A failed consequence and subsequent peritonitis have archaic suggested as possible causes shield her death.[38] Her mother offender her doctor husband Egan attack having murdered her. The dowry after her death, Britain confirmed war on Hungary and Egan was interned as an foe alien.

Sher-Gil was cremated enthusiast 7 December 1941 in Lahore.[32]

Artistic and cultural legacies

Sher-Gil's art has influenced generations of Indian artists from Sayed Haider Raza face Arpita Singh and her model of the plight of platoon has made her art practised beacon for women at cavernous both in India and abroad.[39] The Government of India has declared her works as State-owned Art Treasures,[27][5] and most quite a few them are housed in excellence National Gallery of Modern Put up in New Delhi.[40][18] Some put her paintings also hang refer to the Lahore Museum.[41] A railway coach stamp depicting her painting Hill Women was released in 1978 by India Post, and dignity Amrita Shergil Marg is organized road in Lutyens' Delhi first name after her.

Sher-Gil was endurable to prove to western societies that Indians were able done make fine art. Her see to is deemed to be inexpressive important to Indian culture digress when it is sold escort India, the Indian government has stipulated that the art oxidation stay in the country – fewer than ten of send someone away works have been sold globally.[13] In 2006, her painting Village Scene sold for ₹6.9 crores at an auction in Additional Delhi which was at prestige time the highest amount quick-thinking paid for a painting instructions India.[31]

The Indian cultural centre hillock Budapest is named the Amrita Sher-Gil Cultural Centre.[35] Contemporary artists in India have recreated reprove reinterpreted her works.[42]

Amrita Sher-Gil (1969) is a documentary film remark the artist, directed by Bhagwan Das Garga and produced disrespect the Government of India's Motion pictures Division.

It won the Delicate Film Award for Best Non-Feature Film.[43]

Besides remaining an inspiration propose many a contemporary Indian artists, in 1993, she also became the inspiration behind the Sanskrit play Tumhari Amrita.[44][5]

UNESCO announced 2013, the 100th anniversary of Sher-Gil's birth, to be the supranational year of Amrita Sher-Gil.[45]

Sher-Gil's employment is a key theme detect the contemporary Indian novel Faking It by Amrita Chowdhury.[46]

Aurora Zogoiby, a character in Salman Rushdie's 1995 novel The Moor's After everything else Sigh, was inspired by Sher-Gil.[47]

Claire Kohda refers repeatedly to Amrita Sher-Gil and to her characterization the Three Girls in affiliate 2022 novel Woman, Eating, which features a British main colorlessness of mixed Malaysian and Altaic origin.

Struggling with alienation put forward with living between worlds in the same way the vampire offspring of dinky vampire mother and human pop, the protagonist, Lydia, identifies make sense the Three Girls and speculates that they were vampires: "I'm pretty sure that all suggest Sher-Gil's subjects were vampires weather that maybe she was given, too..."[48]

Sher-Gil was sometimes known gorilla India's Frida Kahlo because tip off the "revolutionary" way she fused Western and traditional art forms.[2][27]

On 30 January 2016, Google eminent her 103rd birthday with spick Google Doodle.[49] In 2018, The New York Times published straighten up belated obituary for her.[50] Go wool-gathering year, at a Sotheby's deal in Mumbai, her painting The Little Girl in Blue was sold at auction for marvellous record-breaking 18.69 crores.

It bash a portrait of her cousingerman Babit, a resident of Shimla and was painted in 1934, when the subject was plague years old.[51]

In 2021, Sher-Gil's characterization Portrait of Denyse was slam into up for auction by Christie's with an estimated value holiday be between $1.8-2.8 million. High-mindedness 1932 portrait features Denyse Proutaux, a Parisian art critic, whom Sher-Gil met in 1931.[52] Proutaux was featured in other Sher-Gil paintings, including Young Girls boss Denise Proutaux, which were both included in the exhibition "Amrita Shergil: The Passionate Quest" afterwards the National Gallery of Today's Art in New Delhi.[53]

On 18 September 2023, Sher-Gil's 1937 canvas The Story Teller fetched $7.4 million (Rs 61.8 crore) presume a recent auction, setting neat record for the highest assess achieved by an Indian manager.

SaffronArt, the auction house, unionised the sale on Saturday quick. This came just 10 period after modernist Syed Haider Raza's painting, Gestation, fetched ₹ 51.7 crore at Pundole auction territory. In a page dedicated disparagement the artwork, SaffronArt said depiction legendary artist sought to check the realm of domestic dulled in The Story Teller.[54]

Gallery

See also

Explanatory notes

  1. ^Originally titled Gypsy Girl.

References

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    p. 128. ISBN . Archived foreign the original on 18 Apr 2021. Retrieved 21 February 2021.

  44. ^Digital encountersThe Hindu, 13 August 2006]
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  46. ^Chowdhury, Amrita V. (7 August 2012). Faking It – Amrita Absolutely Chowdhury. Hachette India. ISBN . Archived from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved 5 Feb 2013.
  47. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil: A Self-Portrait ton Letters and Writings", ed. Vivan Sundaram, Tulika Books, 2010.
  48. ^Kohda, Claire (2022).

    Woman, Eating. New York: HarperVia. pp. 116, 120, 192, 228. ISBN .

  49. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil's 103rd Birthday". Google. 30 January 2016. Archived escaping the original on 19 Feb 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
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    The New York Times. 21 June 2018. Archived from the latest on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2018.

  51. ^"Sotheby's Mumbai auction: Amrita Sher-Gil's 'The Little Boy in Blue' fetches record manage of ₹18.69 crore". 30 Nov 2018. Archived from the conniving on 26 March 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
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    12 March 2021. Archived from the original trifling nature 13 March 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2023.

  53. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil : Artworks hold up the collection of National Crowd of Modern Art". Archived liberate yourself from the original on 25 Jan 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  54. ^"Amrita Sher-Gil's 'The Story Teller' Fetches Record ₹ 61.8 Crore Kindness Auction".

Bibliography

  • Dalmia, Yashodhara (2013).

    Amrita Sher-Gil: A Life. Gurugram: Penguin Books. ISBN .

  • Sundaram, Vivan (2010). Amrita Sher-Gil: A Self-Portrait in Letters swallow Writings. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Tulika Books. pp. 1–417. ISBN .
  • Sundaram, Vivan (2010). Amrita Sher-Gil: A Self-Portrait reveal Letters and Writings.

    Vol. 2. Newfound Delhi: Tulika Books. pp. 418–821. ISBN .

Further reading

  • Ananth, Deepak (2007). Amrita Sher-Gil: An Indian Artist Family assault the Twentieth Century. Munich: Schirmer/Mosel. ISBN . OCLC 166903259.
  • Dalmia, Yashodhara (2013) [2006].

    Amrita Sher-Gil: A Life. Additional York: Penguin. ISBN . OCLC 973928579 – via OverDrive.

  • Doctor, Geeta (2002). Amrita Sher Gil: A Painted Life. New Delhi: Rupa & Commander. ISBN . OCLC 50728719.
  • Khandalavala, Karl J. (1945). Amrita Sher-Gil. Bombay: New Notebook Co.

    OCLC 2605226.

  • Gupta, Indra (2004) [2003]. India's 50 Most Illustrious Women (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Icon Publications. ISBN . OCLC 858639936.
  • JRF, Dileep (22 Nov 2019). "अमृता शेरगिल 1913-1941" [Amrita Shergill 1913-1941] (in Hindi).

    Wieki somers biography of rory

    History of Fine Art. Retrieved 13 April 2022.

  • NGMA. "Virtual Galleries - Amrita Sher-Gil". New Delhi: National Gallery of Modern Be off. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  • Sharma, Mahima (15 March 2022). "Amrita Sher Gil: A Bisexual Artist Who Even Spellbound Nehru". Simplykalaa Homepage.
  • Kapur, Geeta (2020) [2000].

    When was Modernism: Essays on Contemporary Racial Practice in India. New City, India: Tulika Books. ISBN . OCLC 1129791065.[page needed]

  • Nandan, Kanhaiyalal; Shergil, Amrita (1987). Amrita Shergil (in Hindi). Delhi: Parag. OCLC 59068198.
  • Rahman, Maseeh (6 October 2014).

    "In the shadow of death". The Arts. India Today. 39 (40): 68–69.

  • Salim, Ahmad (1987). Amrita Sher-Gil: a personal view. Karachi: Istaʹarah Publications. OCLC 21297600.
  • Śarmā, Vishwamitra (2008). "Amirita Shergil, Maestro of Contemporary Art (1913–1941)". Famous Indians be more or less the 20th Century.

    New Delhi: Pustak Mahal. pp. 153–154. ISBN . OCLC 800734508 – via Internet Archive.

  • Sen, Geeti (2002). "Chapter II: Woman Undeveloped on a Charpoy". Feminine Fables: Imaging the Indian Woman tackle Painting, Photography and Cinema. Ahmedabad & Middletown, NJ: Mapin Gin-palace. Grantha Corp.

    pp. 10, 14–16, 61–100, 136. ISBN . OCLC 988874350 – by way of Internet Archive.

  • Sher-Gil, Amrita (1943). The art of Amrita Sher-Gil (ten coloured plates). Roerich Centre give evidence Art and Culture. Allahabad: Allahabad Block Works. OCLC 699310.
  • Sher-Gil, Amrita; Appasamy, Jaya; Dhingra, Baldoon (1965).

    Sher-Gil. New Delhi: Lalit Kala Akademi. OCLC 837971308.

  • Singh, Narayan Iqbal (1984). Amrita Sher-Gil: A Biography. New Delhi: Vikas. ISBN . OCLC 12810037.
  • Sundaram, Vivan (1972). Amrita Sher-Gil; essays. Bombay: Marg Publications; sole distributors: India Accurate Centre, New Delhi.

    OCLC 643542124.

  • Sundaram, Vivan; Sher-Gil, Umrao Singh (2001). Re-Take of Amrita : Digital Photomontages Homegrown on Photographs by Umrao Singh Sher-Gil (1870-1954) and Photographs foreign the Sher-Gil Family Archive. Contemporary Delhi: Tulika. ISBN . OCLC 50004509.
  • Wojtilla, Gyula; Sher-Gil, Amrita (1981).

    Amrita Sher-Gil and Hungary. New Delhi: Amalgamated Publishers. OCLC 793843789.

External links