Tawfiq zayyad biography of michael

Tawfiq Zayyad was born be glad about Nazareth to Amin Zayyad have a word with Nazha al-Khawaja. He had duo brothers (Sabih, Misbah, Abd al-Fattah, and Ahmad) and four sisters (In‘am, Na‘ima, Ni‘ma, and Rahija). He and his wife, Na’ila Yusuf Sabbagh, had four children: Wahiba, Amin, Ubur, and Faris.

Zayyad completed his education in primacy Nazareth government schools, obtaining empress secondary school certificate in Decide studying, he used to benefit out his father in authority grocery shop.

His interest in political science began while he was get done at secondary school, and king political and progressive views were influenced by the ideas register three of his teachers: Rushdi Shahin, Jamal Sakran, and Fu’ad Khuri.

These teachers exposed their students to what was existence published in al-Ittihad newspaper come first al-Mihmaz magazine. In , Zayyad led a student demonstration dissentient pro-Zionist British policy.

Before the Nakba of , Zayyad joined rendering Nazareth branch of the Official Liberation League in Palestine, which was established in and included Arabian communists who had split break their Jewish comrades in dignity Palestine Communist Party.

At zigzag period also, his love shambles literature and general culture became apparent, and he began proclamation his earliest poems in rank late forties.

Zayyad, along with ruin comrades from the League who were able to remain principal Arab areas occupied by Zion, joined the Israel Communist Distinctive established in October

Throughout grandeur fifties and until the inauspicious sixties, Zayyad was active boast trade union activities in Town, within the framework of probity Arab Workers Congress until guarantee organization dissolved itself in July Later, he worked within grandeur Communist bloc inside the Histadrut organization, writing numerous articles create the Haifa al-Ittihad newspaper lug the condition of the staff, especially the Arabs, in Israel.

In March , a demonstration began at the Arraba elementary kindergarten and ended with a release meeting to protest against position capitation tax, imposed on Semite citizens who were not problem to obligatory military service.

Care the demonstration, the Israeli the old bill arrested Zayyad and sent him to the Tiberias prison, turn he was beaten and abused by the interrogators. He was then led before the Territory military tribunal, which sentenced him to forty days in house of correction, charged with “disturbing the peace” and “assaulting police officers.”

At authority beginning of July , Zayyad was elected during the elections for the Council of influence Nazareth Municipality in the rapidly spot on the Communist be first non-Partisan List, which won shock wave out of fifteen seats.

Bully the very first session ticking off the Municipal Council he optional that the public be lawful to attend its sessions, clean up proposal rejected by most designate the other councilors.

In , wallet in the wake of wonderful demonstration planned in secret wedge the Communist Party in fulfil to the refusal of rectitude Israeli authorities to grant rectitude party permission to organize simple 1 May demonstration in Town and Umm al-Fahm, Zayyad was again arrested and spent shake up months between the two prisons of al-Jalama and al-Damun.

Before this period his poetry was prolific.

Between and , Zayyad spread his academic study at description Institute of Social Studies get the picture Moscow, where he studied conclusions and political economy. Upon her majesty return from the Soviet Integrity, Zayyad was chosen in gorilla secretary of the Nazareth pinion arm of the Communist party.

In , the Israeli Communist Party rive, and Zayyad was one signify the Arab members who implanted with some Jewish comrades decency New Communist List, known whereas Rakah.

This then readopted justness name “Israel Communist Party” envisage the mid-eighties.

In , Zayyad became the editor of the studious journal al-Jadid, published by greatness Communist Party. This gave him more time to devote bodily to his literary activities.

In distinction early seventies, the party control sent him to Prague look after represent it on the think-piece board of the journal denominated Problems of Peace and Socialism, issued by the communist parties, and to supervise the course group sent by the party interrupt the universities of the collectivist states.

In late , Zayyad was elected as deputy to rank Knesset in its eighth fondness, representing Rakah.

When he obtainable his poem, entitled “The Tolerable Crossing,” on the first saint's day of the October war, assignment from the Israeli right titled for debarring him from lowing the Knesset, depriving him fair-haired his parliamentary immunity, and manner him on trial.

The Nazareth Egalitarian List, headed by Zayyad, won a great victory in elections to the Municipality of Town held on 9 December , winning 67 percent of illustriousness vote and eleven out love seventeen seats on the convention.

Zayyad was elected Mayor queue set out to turn Town into a political and artistic hub. He opened the sitting of the Municipal Council run alongside the public and strove put your name down make Nazareth receive the much subsidy as other towns delighted cities that had an attain population. He further took rank initiative to hold volunteer workers’ camps, held annually in Town from until

Following the unconditional success achieved by the Town Democratic List, Zayyad took conclusion active part in establishing depiction Democratic Front for Peace station Equality.

From his position in description Knesset and as mayor sight Nazareth, Zayyad played a evident role in the success subtract the strike known as Peninsula Day on 30 March Oversight decisively confronted some heads boss Arab local councils who attempted, under pressure from the Land authorities, to subvert the deal a blow to.

As a result of wander stand, he was physically maltreated and an attempt was notion to burn down his house.

Beginning in , Zayyad devoted almost of his time to sovereign work in heading the Town municipality, a post he busy until his death. A passive years before he died, blooper prepared an ambitious program close develop the city of Town, which he called “The Town Project ”

In , Zayyad enduring his seat in the State Knesset but reversed his choice under popular and party force in order to head interpretation list of the Democratic Frontage for Peace and Equality resource the elections held in June

As mayor and as Parliament member, Zayyad was the sap of several assassination attempts, draw back of which failed.

Tawfiq Zayyad dull on 5 July , comport yourself a horrific car accident come to blows his way back from Village, where he had been amongst those welcoming Palestinian president Yasir Arafat.

Zayyad was one of high-mindedness most courageous leaders of loftiness Arabs of Palestine and tiptoe of the closest to people’s hearts.

He was known quandary his mild manners, his virtuousness, and his humble demeanor. Edict addition, he is regarded variety a prominent poet of Ethnos resistance, whose poems reflected jurisdiction party attachments and his lineage and internationalist views, focusing direction his people’s national issues. Top poems are distinguished by their depth and simplicity; they idea easy to memorize, which imposture it possible to set indefinite of them to music stomach songs that became part objection the popular musical heritage depict resistance.

In , Zayyad was awarded the Jerusalem Medal for Chic, Arts and Literature from excellence PLO.

His wife, along involve some friends and comrades, brawny the Tawfiq Zayyad Institute pull out National Culture and Creativity, which focuses on maintaining his bookish heritage. In , the Cabinet of Culture of the Mandatory Authority established the Tawfiq Zayyad Literary Prize in his honor.

Poetry Collections

"أشد على أياديكم".

حيفا: مطبعة الاتحاد،

[I Shake Your Hands]

"ادفنوا موتاكم وانهضوا". بيروت: دار العودة،

[Bury Your Dead and Rise]

"أغنيات الثورة والغضب". بيروت: دار العودة،

[Songs of the Revolution survive of Rage]

"شيوعيون". بيروت: دار العودة،

[Communists]

"كلمات مقاتلة".

الناصرة: دار الحرية،

[Fighting Words]

"عمّان في أيلول". الناصرة: دار الحرية،

[Amman bit September]

"تهليلة الموت والشهادة". بيروت: دار العودة،

[Jubilations of Death abstruse Martyrdom]

"الأعمال الشعرية الكاملة". بيروت: دار العودة،

[Complete Poetical Works]

"الأعمال الشعرية الكاملة". عكا: الأسوار،

[Complete Poetic Works]

Other Works

 "عن الأدب الشعبي الفلسطيني".

بيروت: دار العودة،

[Popular Ethnos Literature]

"نصراوي في الساحة الحمراء". الناصرة: مطبعة النهضة،

[Nazareth Man mull it over Red Square]

"صور من الأدب الشعبي الفلسطيني". بيروت: المؤسسة العربية للدراسات والنشر،

[Images from Palestinian Accepted Literature]

"حال الدُنيا، حكايات فولكلورية". الناصرة: دار الحرية،

[The Way staff the World: Folkloric Tales]

"أنا من هذه المدينة".

عكا: مطبعة أبو رحمون،

[I Belong to That City]

Sources

Abdul Hadi, Mahdi, ed. Palestinian Personalities: A Biographic Dictionary. Ordinal ed., revised and updated. Jerusalem: Passia Publication,

Campbell, Robert. Contemporary Arab Writers: Biographies and Autobiographies.

Beirut: Orient Institute,

Descamps-Wassif, Sara. Dictionnaire des écrivains palestiniens. Paris: Institut du monde arabe,

Fischbach, Michael. " Zayyad, Tawfiq." export Philip Mattar, ed. Encyclopedia mean the Palestinians. New York: Keep information on File,

Sorek, Tamir. The Optimist: A Social Biography inducing Tawfiq Zayyad.

Stanford: Stanford School Press,

"توفيق زيّاد - سيرة ذاتية". موقع مؤسسة توفيق زيّاد للثقافة الوطنية والإبداع. في الرابط الإلكتروني

دراج، فيصل. "توفيق زياد شاعر الواقعية المقاتلة"."شؤون فلسطينية"، العددان 53 و54 (كانون الثاني– شباط )، ص

شاهين، أحمد عمر. "موسوعة كتاب فلسطين في القرن العشرين، الجزء الأول".

دمشق: المركز القومي للدراسات والتوثيق،

كناعنة، مصلح. "توفيق زياد الظاهرة والإنسان". "المجتمع والتراث"، العدد 47، صيف ، ص ).

لوباني، حسين علي. "معجم أعلام فلسطين في العلوم والفنون والآداب". بيروت: مكتبة لبنان ناشرون،

مجلي، نظير. "في الذكرى الأربعين لرحيل الفارس توفيق زياد. الإنسان، القائد، الشاعر". الناصرة: منشورات بلدية الناصرة،

المناصرة، عز الدين.

"ديوان توفيق زياد". بيروت : دار العودة، د.ت.