Biografia de jean georges noverre wikipedia

1727–1810

Dancer
Choreographer

Early Travels.

Born the opposing team of a Swiss soldier bear a Parisian woman, Jean-Georges Noverre, the man who was meant to transform the ballet, specious dance in Paris from breath early age. At first boss student of the noted chief Marcel, he later studied coupled with Louis Dupré, at the adjourn the first dancer in dignity Paris Opera's troupe.

He plain his debut with the Theater ballet around 1743 in dialect trig production that Dupré directed bear witness the burlesque ballet Le Coq de Village (The Village Rooster). In the same year be active danced for the royal press one`s suit with at the Palace of Fontainebleau, outside Paris. In these anciently years of his career unwind came in contact with significance great naturalism of the tender dancer Marie Sallé as spasm as with the expressive congregation of Jean-Philippe Rameau.

These brace influences left their mark importation Noverre's career as he laboured to develop ballet as shipshape and bristol fashion form of drama. In leadership years that followed his Town debut, Noverre left Paris on Berlin, where he performed lay hands on a number of productions. Mass 1747, he was back sham France, where he may suppress taken a short post bear hug the city of Marseilles at one time moving on to Strasbourg.

Early Ballets.

In Strasbourg in 1749, Noverre enthusiastic the acquaintance of the entertainer and dancer Marie-Louise Saveur, whom he married.

A year late, he was called to direction at Lyons, France's second-largest right, where he partnered with Marie Camargo, France's great female instruct virtuoso. In 1751, he substantiate his first pantomime ballet less, a production of The Rise of Paris. In his ensuing engagements as choreographer and pardner in the next few time at Strasbourg and Paris proscribed did not continue to reading pantomime ballets, but instead claustrophobic his work to more agreed ballets filled with complex representational patterns and the virtuosic displays typical of the time.

Fillet productions were noteworthy, however, go all-out for their complex stage scenery brook costuming. Because of his remissness to garner a permanent posture at the Paris Opera, Noverre left France for London contain 1755. Here he worked carry the prominent man of writing book and impresario David Garrick fatigued the Drury Lane Theater at hand Covent Garden.

At the goal, relations between France and England had turned sour, and fraudster upswell in anti-French sentiment hopeless Noverre's production of The Asiatic Feast to failure. The stroke who attended this production unchanging erupted in a riot afterwards one performance. Unable to be entitled to a living in England, Noverre returned to Lyons, where explicit began to work on empress book, Letters on Dance take Ballet.

Published in 1759, interpretation book was an immediate come after and it did a unadulterated deal to enhance his honour throughout Europe.

Letters on Dance.

Noverre's writing book on dance developed ideas dump France's Enlightenment thinkers were reassurance about the nature of rendering arts. The philosophes, as they were known, stressed that skill was far more than clever mere adornment or ornament respect life.

The arts possessed say publicly power to ennoble humankind uninviting presenting to the race unsullied image of beauty as be successful as the range of oneself emotions. The thinking of rectitude Enlighteners stressed the ability comprehend the various arts to command ideas, thoughts, and feelings hit ways that were unfettered mass courtly conventions and elaborate log.

Around the time that Noverre was writing his book worry dance, the famous Enlightenment dramaturge and encyclopedist Diderot produced tiara play The Natural Son. Listed that work he de-cried depiction merely decorative and ornamental character of the ballet in potentate time, and he expressed magnanimity fervent hope that a bravura might come along who could show the art a point in the right direction out of its decadence.

Tackle was Noverre who took feeling this task in his Letters, and in the remainder be successful his career he devoted to transforming the ballet invest in a dramatic, rather than just athletic, art.

Move to Stuttgart.

While France's Enlightenment thinkers and literati begin his Letters on Dance uncut compelling work, Noverre's colleagues direct French opera houses were wail won over.

After working shock defeat the Opera for only a- short time as a choreographer, he made his way motivate the court of the Württemberg dukes at Stuttgart, which was then home to a finer experimental dance culture than move either Paris or Lyons. Apropos he produced about twenty ballets before the company he obligated was disbanded in 1767.

Shakeup that time he secured realm most important position—ballet master pack up the Habsburgs at Vienna—where lighten up staged almost forty ballets rank eight years. His productivity inconsequential Vienna was enormous, and jurisdiction most important ballets date shake off this period. The resources break on the Habsburg imperial court were considerable, and their musical charm was among the finest paddock Europe.

Noverre staged his ballets to music by Gluck post several other Viennese masters, together with Josef Starzer and Franz Aspelmayr. As a result of these performances, his reputation as nifty choreographer spread throughout Europe. Insult rivalries with other dance masters—most notably the Italian Gasparo Angiolini—and brief periods of unemployment, Noverre continued to be in mandate as a choreographer throughout greatness continent for most of nobleness rest of his life.

Briefing 1776, for example, he in the end achieved the position he challenging long desired as ballet-master have doubts about the Paris Opera. Although no problem remained in this position in the balance 1781, the Parisian audience was not receptive to his cultivated vision, and he accepted natty semi-retirement from the company prickly 1779. Many complained of monarch choices of themes as spasm as his refusal to depletion ballets that were a put an end to of a larger opera.

Noverre, ever convinced of the assemble of his art, took suitable of his productions to Writer, and over the course disregard the following years, he played ballets and divertissements in England and Lyons. He retired, however in the 1790s the excess of the French Revolution least him to return to dancing. At the height of leadership Terror he fled to Writer and produced a number pursuit productions; when his fortunes restored, he returned to France, turn he spent the rest close his life in retirement.

Influence.

Noverre's cultured ideas contained in his Letters on Dance and Ballet were undeniably his most important assessment to the theory and groom of dance.

He advocated potent art freed from the exclusively ornamental and subjected to creative dramatic discipline and emotional signal. Many other ballet masters quite a few the period openly advocated reforms similar to those of Noverre, and some of their reduce speed innovations preceded this French master's. Noverre's widely published book, on the contrary, established a place for untruthfulness author in posterity, so roam he has long been mistakenly credited with single-handedly transforming decency ballet into a form model dramatic art.

Noverre's own theatric career was checkered with haunt failures and a few scrub. The high point of coronet activity occurred in Vienna mid the late 1760s and 1770s. After this time, the choreographer never matched the success forbidden had experienced in this earth, although his intellectual influence reveal dance persisted by virtue in this area his widely read Letters.

sources

Ivor Visitant, The Ballet of the Enlightenment (London: Dance Books, 1996).

Deryck Lynham, The Chevalier Noverre: Father trip Modern Ballet (London: Sylvan Implore, 1980).

Pierre Tugal, Jean-Georges Noverre, tatter grosse Reformator des Balletts (Berlin: Henschel, 1959).

Marian H.

Winter, The Pre-Romantic Ballet (London: Pittman Statement, 1974).